{"id":3135,"date":"2010-05-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2010-05-02T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"3135","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/3135\/","title":{"rendered":"Riguardo alla mutazione-transversione a carico del DNA, in presenza di ossiguanina, vorrei sapere la differenza tra il caso in cui la ossiguanina faccia gi\u00e0 parte del filamento stampo e il caso in cui la ossiguanina sia da inserire nel filamento di neosintesi. Grazie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n<meta content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" \/><br \/>\n<meta name=\"ProgId\" content=\"Word.Document\" \/><br \/>\n<meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Microsoft Word 12\" \/><br \/>\n<meta name=\"Originator\" content=\"Microsoft Word 12\" \/>\n<link rel=\"File-List\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml\" \/>\n<link rel=\"themeData\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx\" \/>\n<link rel=\"colorSchemeMapping\" href=\"file:\/\/\/C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CADMINI%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml\" \/><\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <w:WordDocument>\n  <w:View>Normal<\/w:View>\n  <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom>\n  <w:TrackMoves\/>\n  <w:TrackFormatting\/>\n  <w:PunctuationKerning\/>\n  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\/>\n  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Roman\";\n\tmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}\n.MsoPapDefault\n\t{mso-style-type:export-only;\n\tmargin-bottom:10.0pt;\n\tline-height:115%;}\n@page Section1\n\t{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;\n\tmargin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt;\n\tmso-header-margin:36.0pt;\n\tmso-footer-margin:36.0pt;\n\tmso-paper-source:0;}\ndiv.Section1\n\t{page:Section1;}\n--><\/style>\n<\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 10]>\n\n\n<style>\n \/* Style Definitions *\/\n table.MsoNormalTable\n\t{mso-style-name:\"Normale Tabelle\";\n\tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\n\tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\n\tmso-style-noshow:yes;\n\tmso-style-priority:99;\n\tmso-style-qformat:yes;\n\tmso-style-parent:\"\";\n\tmso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\n\tmso-para-margin-top:0cm;\n\tmso-para-margin-right:0cm;\n\tmso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;\n\tmso-para-margin-left:0cm;\n\tline-height:115%;\n\tmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\n\tfont-size:11.0pt;\n\tfont-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\";\n\tmso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\n\tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;\n\tmso-fareast-font-family:\"Times New Roman\";\n\tmso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;\n\tmso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\n\tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}\n<\/style>\n\n\n<![endif]--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\">Le basi azotate che normalmente sono contenute nel DNA sono adenina (A), citosina (C), guanina (G) e timina (T). L&#8217;ossiguanina (ox) &egrave; un&#8217;analogo della guanina che pu&ograve; assumere due conformazioni dette sin o anti. Nella conformazione sin l&rsquo;ossiguanina si appaia con l&rsquo;adenina, mentre nella conformazione anti si appaia con la citosina.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"274\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/spaw\/image\/biologia\/biol_molecolare_genetica\/500px-8-Oxyguanine_svg.png\" \/><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\">Consideriamo qui per semplicit&agrave; e per fare alcuni esempi pratici, l&#8217;effetto delle mutazioni del DNA solo rispetto all&#8217;effetto che queste avranno nel determinare la sequenza aminoacidica delle proteine. Negli esempi che seguono, supponiamo che il filamento stampo della DNA polimerasi sia anche quello che funger&agrave; da stampo per la RNA polimerasi (e quindi quello responsabile per la produzione proteica).<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\">Se l&#8217;ox &egrave; gi&agrave; incorporata nel filamento stampo, durante la duplicazione del DNA (es. mitosi) se l&#8217;ox si appaia con una A si avr&agrave; nel filamento neo-sintetizzato una mutazione C-&gt;A. In una mitosi successiva, il filamento con la A (in teoria doveva essere una C!) dar&agrave; origine ad una cellula dove al posto della G originale si avr&agrave; una T, con conseguente rischio di mutazione dell&#8217;aminoacido codificato. Di conseguenza, la sequenza codificante avr&agrave; subito una mutazione G-&gt;T.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\">Se invece durante la replicazione una ossiguanina viene inserita nel filamento in formazione, questa potrebbe essere accoppiata (erroneamente) ad una A. Quindi ora si avr&agrave; un ossiguanina nel filamento complementare a quello codificante, che ad una prossima mitosi potrebbe appaiarsi ad una C (ripeto, dipende dalla conformazione dell&#8217;ossiguanina al momento dell&#8217;appaiamento), dando origine ad<br \/>\nuna cellula che in quel sito ha subito una mutazione A-&gt;C.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\">Si potrebbe semplificare il discorso dicendo semplicemente che al momento dell&#8217;incorporazione in un neofilamento di una nuova ox, questa potr&agrave; dare origine ad una mutazione A-&gt;C se l&#8217;ox viene appaiata ad una C, mentre potr&agrave; dare origine ad una mutazione G-&gt;T se verr&agrave; appaiata ad una A.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\"><font size=\"2\" face=\"Tahoma\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; font-size: 11pt\" lang=\"IT\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"154\" alt=\"\" src=\"\/spaw\/image\/biologia\/biol_molecolare_genetica\/11_fig2.jpg\" \/><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":253,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biologia-molecolare-e-genetica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/253"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3135"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3135\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vialattea.net\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}